1. Although. 2. In spite of. 3. Despite.

 

Podemos traducirlo por “a pesar de, aunque “

Usando estas conjunciones, formulamos dos cláusulas separadas por una coma.

 

A diferencia de

 

4. However 5. Nevertheless, que significan lo mismo , pero que separan la idea en dos frases con un “punto y seguido. No obstante, aún así.

 

6. Yet / And yet. Con todo y con eso, y aún así… Se usa para indicar un poco más de sorpresa o extrañeza que en los otros casos, pero es una diferencia sutil.

 

 

 

1. Although

 

After “although” we use

 

a subject + verb:

 

• Although it rained a lot, we enjoyed our holiday.

 

• I didn’t get the job although I had all the necessary qualifications.

 

Compare the meaning of although and because:

• We went out although it was raining.

Salimos a pesar de estar lloviendo.

• We didn’t go out because it was raining.

No salimos porque estaba lloviendo.

 

2. “In spite of” 3. “Despite”.

Significan lo mismo. A pesar de que los angloparlantes tienden a simplificar, usan mucho más in spite of (tres palabras) que despite (una sola)

 

After “in spite of” or “despite”, we use

1. a noun,
2. a pronoun (this/that/what etc.)
3. or –ing: en caso de ir seguido de un verbo… SIEMRE EN GERUNDIO.

• In spite of the rain, we enjoyed our holiday.
• I didn’t get the job in spite of having all the necessary qualifications.
• She wasn’t well, but in spite of this she went to work.
• In spite of what you said yesterday, I still love you.

 

“Despite” is the same as “in spite of”. Note that we say ‘in spite of, but “despite” (without ‘of’):

• She wasn’t well, but despite this she went to work, (not ‘despite of this‘ xxx )

 

You can say ‘in spite of the fact (that)…’ and ‘despite the fact (that)…’:

 

I didn’t get the job in spite of the fact that I had all the necessary qualifications

I didn’t get the job despite the fact (that) I had all the necessary qualifications.

 

Compare in spite of and because of:

• We went out in spite of the rain, (or …despite the rain.)

 

• We didn’t go out because of the rain.

 

Compare although and in spite of / despite:

• Although the traffic was bad. I arrived on time. (not in spite of the traffic was bad xxx )

 

In spite of the heavy traffic, I arrived on time. 

(not in spite of the traffic was bad xxx )

 

 

I couldn’t sleep although I was very tired (not despite I was tired xxx )

 

I couldn’t sleep despite being very tired (not despite I was tired)

 

4. However 5. Nevertheless. No obstante, aún así, pero, …

 

Nevertheless.

Para expresar la misma idea puedes usar nevertheless o however.

 

Aunque no hay ninguna regla fija, el uso suele ser distinto

 

Nevertheless:

Primera oración: una situación adversa, pesimista o negativa. Nevertheless, conclusión positiva, feliz, agradable.

(- negative) . Nevertheless, +++(happy)

 

Era pobre. Aún así, Teresa se enamoró de él.

He was poor. Nevertheless, Therese fell in love with him.

 

 

 

However: pues se usa de manera inversa.

+++++,     negative

 

John era rico. Sin embargo nunca tuvo una vida agradable.

John was rich. However, he never had an agreable life.